基于生物絮团技术构建的零换水养殖系统对凡纳滨对虾高密度养殖效果分析

文章编号：2095-1191（2019）12-2833-08

Production trial and analysis of Litopenaeus vannamei based on biofloc technology at a high density in zero-water exchange systems

FAN Peng-cheng1，2， XU Wu-jie2，3， WEN Guo-liang1，2， XU Yu2，3， XU Yun-na2， LI Zhuo-jia2， YANG Keng2， ZHANG Jian-she1， CAO Yu-cheng1，2，3*

（1Zhejiang Ocean University/National Marine Facility Breeding Engineering Technology Research Center，Zhoushan， Zhejiang  316022， China; 2South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute， Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences/ Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment/Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization， Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs， Guangzhou  510300， China; 3Shenzhen

Experimental Base， South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute， Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences，Shenzhen，Guangdong  518121， China）

Abstract：【Objective】This study discussed the feasibility of zero-water exchange for high density culture of Litopenaeus vannamei， in order to provide reference for future promotion of large-scale industrial application of the environment friendly and high effective aquaculture. 【Method】In this trial， a closed cascaded ponds system was adopted， the stocking density of L. vannamei was 690 ind/m3， and the culture period was 91 d（13 weeks）. Biofloc technology was used to control the water quality of pond systems， and no water was exchanged during the whole culture period. Key water quality parameters and dynamic change of bacteria volume were regularly monitored and analyzed. 【Result】After the 13 weeks（91 d） zero-water exchange culture， the average yield was 8.39±0.48 kg/m3 with an average weight of 14.50±0.99 g/ind， and an average survival rate of （83.9±2.74）%. The feed coefficient was 1.25±0.06 and average water volume used for producing 1 kg shrimps was 120.00±6.38 L/kg. Seven weeks after the start of the trial， the bioflocs volume in the culture water was 18.2-30.4 mL/L， pH remained at 7.31-7.60， total alkali showed no obvious fluctuation regulation within the range of 116-224 mg/L. The concentrations of ammonia nitrogen（TAN） and nitrite nitrogen（NO2--N） were kept below 0.45 mg/L and 0.70 mg/L respectively till the end of the experiment. The concentration of nitrite nitrogen（NO3--N） showed an escalating trend， reaching 135.0 mg/L in the end. The quantity variation of the heterotrophic bacteria and vibrio in water increased at the initial stage and then decreased， with the former maintaining at the level of ×106 CFU/mL since the 9th week and the latter at the level of ×102 CFU/mL since the 7th week. 【Conclusion】Scientific application of biofloc technology for water quality control in situ can realize efficient and healthy aquaculture of L. vannamei in zero-water exchange systems， and meanwhile improve the utilization efficiency of water resources， thereby helping to drive the sustaina-ble development of shrimp aquaculture industry.

推荐访问： 养殖 对虾 高密度 构建 换水

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