生物菌水溶肥对土壤微生物、土壤酶活性及萝卜产量和品质的影响

摘要：采用盆栽試验，探讨不同用量的生根型和膨果型生物菌水溶肥对萝卜生长、土壤微生物数量、土壤酶活性和土壤养分含量的影响。结果表明：追施生物菌水溶肥可提高萝卜叶片光合色素含量、净光合速率和萝卜产量，与仅施无机肥相比，生根型和膨果型生物菌水溶肥处理的经济产量分别提高了11.07%～12.65%和 26.88%～46.64%，同时还提高了萝卜维生素C、可溶性蛋白和可溶性糖含量。追施生物菌水溶肥提高了根际土壤细菌数和放线菌数，降低了真菌数，细菌数随生物菌水溶肥用量的升高而增多，真菌数的变化趋势与之相反，而放线菌数的变化与肥料种类的关系更为密切，且膨果型生物菌水溶肥的效果较生根型明显。土壤过氧化氢酶、磷酸酶和蔗糖酶活性均随生物菌水溶肥用量的升高而升高，而追施生物菌水溶肥后却降低了土壤脲酶和脱氢酶的活性。此外，土壤中有效氮、磷、钾和有机质含量均随生物菌水溶肥追施量的增加而提高。可见，生物菌水溶肥能够改善土壤环境、提高作物产量和品质。

关键词：生物菌水溶肥；萝卜；根际微生物；土壤酶活性

中图分类号：S144.1：S631.1文献标识号：A文章编号：1001-4942（2017）11-0074-08

Effects of Bio-fungus Water-Soluble Fertilizers on Soil

Microorganism， Soil Enzyme Activity， Yield and Quality of Radish

Song Yiling1，2，Yu Jian1，2，Xiao Chengze1，2，Chen Shigeng1，2，Li Yuhuan3， Su Xiurong4，Ding Fangjun1，2，3

（1. Shandong Agricultural University Fertilizer Science & Technology Co.，Ltd.， Feicheng 271600， China；

2. Engineering & Technology Research Center of High Efficient Utilization of Humic Acid of Shandong Province，

Feicheng 271600， China； 3. College of Resources and Environment， Shandong Agricultural University， Taian 271018， China；

4.College of Chemistry and Materials Science， Shandong Agricultural University， Taian 271018， China）

AbstractThe effects of different dosages of rooting type and intumescence type bio-fungus water-soluble fertilizer on radish growth， soil microbial biomass， soil enzyme activity and soil nutrient content were investigated by pot experiment. The results showed that topdressing the bio-fungus water-soluble fertilizers could improve the content of photosynthetic pigment and net photosynthetic rate of radish leaves. Compared with only applying inorganic fertilizer， the economic yield of radish was significantly increased by 11.07%～12.65% and 26.88%～46.64% with rooting type and intumescence type bio-fungus water-soluble fertilizer respectively. Meanwhile， they increased the contents of vitamin C， soluble protein and soluble sugar of radish. In addition， the bio-fungus water-soluble fertilizers increased the number of rhizosphere soil bacteria and actinomycetes， and decreased the number of fungi. The number of bacteria increased with the increase of bio-fungus water-soluble fertilizer application rate， and the change trend of fungi was opposite， while the variation of actinomycetes was related to the type of fertilizer， what’s more， the effect of intumescence type bio-fungus water-soluble fertilizer was more obvious than that of rooting type. The soil catalase， phosphatase and sucrase activity increased with the increase of bio-fungus water-soluble fertilizer application rate， however， the soil urease and dehydrogenase activity decreased. The contents of available N， P， K and organic matter in soil were improved with the increase of bio-fungus water-soluble fertilizer application rate. It was concluded that bio-fungus water-soluble fertilizer could improve soil environment， increase crop yield and quality.

推荐访问： 土壤 微生物 活性 萝卜 产量

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