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真空包装冷却鹿肉贮藏过程中的菌相变化

时间:2022-03-12 08:43:47  浏览次数:

摘 要:利用聚合酶链式反应-变性梯度凝胶电泳方法研究真空包装的冷却鹿肉贮藏过程中的菌相变化。将冷却鹿肉真空包装贮藏于0~2 ℃条件下,每隔5 d取出,利用细菌试剂盒提取细菌DNA,进行聚合酶链式反应-变性梯度凝胶电泳分析,同时对16S rDNA V3 区的DGGE 图谱进行割胶测序,检测到贮藏末期主要是苏黎世克罗诺杆菌、斯氏普罗威登斯菌,棕色类香味菌,乳酸发酵类梭菌等成为优势腐败菌。

关键词:冷却鹿肉;真空包装;菌相变化;聚合酶链式反应-变性梯度凝胶电泳

Microfloral Changes of Vacuum Packaged Venison during Chilled Storage

SHI He1, HU Tiejun2,*, QIN Fengxian3, CHEN Wei3, LIU Jing4, WANG Zhaohui5, JIA Dongshu6, WU Jun6,

YOU Lixin6, CHEN Haiyan6, YU Yan6, LIU Fang6, MA Jinxi6, YANG Bin6, ZHANG Tiehua7

(1. College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China;

2. Jilin Dongao Deer Industry Science and Technology Development Co. Ltd., Changchun 130600, China;

3. Engineering Research Center of Deer Industry of Jilin Province, Changchun 130600, China;

4. Jilin Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Changchun 130062, China;

5. College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China;

6. College of Organism and Food, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130600, China;

7. College of Quartermaster Technology, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China)

Abstract: The microfloral changes of vacuum packaged venison during chilled storage were examined using polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE). Samples were collected at 5-day intervals during the storage for bacterial DNA extraction using a DNA extraction kit before PCR-DGGE analysis. The band of 16S rDNA V3 region from the DGGE analysis was excised for sequence analysis. The dominant spoilage bacteria at the end of the storage included Cronobacter turicensis, Providencia stuartii, Myroides phaeus, Clostridium lactatifermentans.

Key words: chilled venison; vacuum packaging; microfloral change; PCR-DGGE

中图分类号:TS251.5 文献标志码:A文章编号:1001-8123(2015)04-0015-05

doi: 10.7506/rlyj1001-8123-201504004

冷却肉是指牲畜在屠宰前要严格执行兽医检疫,屠宰后的胴体迅速冷却,使其温度(以后腿内部为测量点在24 h内降到0~4 ℃,在之后的加工、运输和销售中始终保持在0~4 ℃范围内的鲜肉[1]。冷却肉相对热鲜肉,冷冻肉品质优良、滋味鲜美,且微生物生长受到抑制[2]。研究表明冷却鹿肉也具有冷却肉的独特优点。

畜体在屠宰加工过程中避免不了被细菌污染,存在肉类表面的细菌往往能很牢固地吸附在肉的表面 [3]。随着贮藏时间的延长,细菌的菌相构成会发生变化,凸显出优势菌群,引起冷却肉腐败变质[4]。

研究表明,由于各种细菌产生的代谢产物不同,对产品的腐败作用(腐败时间、腐败类型)不同。研究其贮藏过程数量和种类的变化,以便采取具有针对性的措施抑制优势菌群的生长繁殖[5-6]。变性梯度凝胶电泳(denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis,DGGE)技术在奶酪、香肠、酸面团、泡菜、葡萄酒等食品贮藏过程中微生物变化研究方面均有报道[7]。DGGE可不采用培养方法,而从食物样品中直接提取微生物的总DNA,检测到难以培养或不能培养的多种微生物,而且检测速度快。近年来,应用DGGE技术研究不同包装冷却肉贮藏过程中的菌相变化亦有报道[8-10]。

推荐访问: 相变 鹿肉 贮藏 冷却 过程中